Chemistry involves the study of all things chemical – chemical processes, chemical compositions and chemical manipulation – in order to better understand the way in which materials are structured, how they change and how they react in certain situations. Application of 4254-15-3,
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated against the coplanar transition state (TS(paragraph)) analogue 1 and assayed for their ability to catalyze the isomerization of bridged biphenyls 4, 6, and 7. This is a relatively simple unimolecular reaction whose activation barrier arises from unfavorable steric interactions between the two benzylic methylene groups and strain in the bridging ring system. Seven mAbs were found that catalyzed the isomerization of 4 to 6; the most efficient (mAb 64D8E10) has k(cat) and K(M) values of 4.3 x 10-5 s-1 and 420 muM, respectively. This corresponds to a rate enhancement over the unimolecular uncatalyzed reaction (k(cat)/k(uncat)) of 2900. The dissociation constant for the TS(paragraph) analogue, K(d), was determined to be 210 nM. For both the antibody (64D8E10) catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions, the free energy of activation (DeltaG(paragraph)) is comprised largely of the enthalpy term; the antibody decreases the enthalpy of activation by 5 kcal/mol. Despite relatively large differences in the values of k(cat)/k(uncat) for the five antibodies, the ratios of K(d) to K(M)(4) are very similar. It is likely that the antibodies catalyze this reaction by reducing both ring strain and nonbonded steric interactions in the transition state.
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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate